Walden, published in 1854 by naturalist, philosopher and writer Henry David Thoreau, is an account of the author’s experiences when, as an experiment, he went to live alone in the woods in a self-built cabin for two years. Walden champions the benefits simple living, celebrates the beauty and joy of spending time immersed in nature, and quietly rebels against the norms of society.
I personally found this book challenging to read. Though simplicity is a central theme, ironically the text is anything but succinct. It moves slowly, with Thoreau observing and describing the environment around him at length and often meandering along abstract lines of philosophical thought. If, however you are able to see past the flowery language, you will discover ideas that are just as relevant to today’s world as they were in 1854, and you may appreciate why this work is considered a classic of American literature.
So how is Walden relevant to environmental conservation?
Thoreau rejects consumerism and materialism, believing these to be obstacles to the pursuit of happiness and human development. He emphasises living simply, calling on us to question whether we really need the comforts and luxuries that society would have us believe are necessities. I found this criticism surprising given that the book was written more than 150 years ago, long before the modern consumer age. Human nature remains the same however, as does the timeless wisdom that happiness is not to be found in the endless pursuit of material things. By taking inspiration from Walden and learning to simplify our lives and consume less, we can reduce our impact on the environment.
Walden also encourages spending time in nature, and the mental or spiritual benefits that one can derive from doing so. Much of the book is devoted to descriptions of the natural environment around Thoreau’s cabin. Thoreau’s love of nature, and the joy and contentment it brings him to live in closeness to it, are readily apparent in his writing.
An unfortunate consequence of our modern lifestyle, especially for the city-dweller, is that we are distanced from nature. It is all too easy to fall into thinking that nature is separate, something “out there” rather than something we are a part of. By spending time in natural environments, connecting with nature and appreciating it, we are more likely to feel compelled to protect it. Not everyone will have the opportunity (or the inclination) to spend two years living in the woods as a hermit. But by reading Walden, one may live Thoreau’s life of solitude vicariously, and gain an appreciation of the benefits and insights that such an experience may bestow.
So, should you read this book? If you are unused to literary classics, it may require some perseverance to get through. But if you take the trouble, you may find inspiration to improve your life by embracing simplicity, reconnecting with nature, or simply to look up and notice the world around you with greater appreciation next time you find yourself outdoors.
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